Evaluation and Analysis on Sustainability Reporting

Question: Discuss about the Evaluation and Analysis on Sustainability Reporting. Answer: Introduction The following report aims to present the explanation and evaluation on the concept of management decision in terms of processes that are associated with the efficient allocation of business resources. The report includes the discussion on sustainability reporting framework along with the evaluation on Global Reporting Initiative considering the given organization Bega Cheese. The following study covers the description of key features of the organization along with an overview on the positive and negative impacts in terms of environmental social factors. The report also contains analysis on the probable alteration of the companys information in the annual report and other sources including corporate website through the application of gap analysis. Considering the compliance of Global Reporting Initiative guidelines, the study incorporates the evaluation on the benefits to the potential investors, shareholders as well as other stakeholders. Background of the company Bega cheese is a manufacturing company in Australia, one of the largest cheese manufacturing companies in Australia. The company exports its products across the globe while distributes the products in Australia in most of the general stores as well as in supermarkets. As the current financial information, the company incurred revenue amounted to $119.63 million while the amount of profit has been $29.202 million. It has been noted that the company serves the dairy products to around 9.3 billion consumers while the quality management system ensured to design the organizational inputs and business activities through supply chain methods (Begacheese.com.au, 2017). Key Features of Bega Cheese Considering the present report of the company, Bega Cheese thrives to maintain achievements in business activities and finances for delivering products at low commodity prices and significant competition within the Australian region. During the year, financial performance of the company has been stable over the years while adding more values to the organizations manufactured dairy products. It has been noted that the company always managed o consider the best business approach to create business values along with the appropriate risk management by applying the experience, knowledge and skill along with the updated and innovative business ideas. During the recent years, companys revenue reflected increased value by around 131.9% along with the improvement in overall performance margin by 32.6%. The statement of financial position of the organization reflected net debt balance amounted to $53.1 million during the year 2016, which was reduced by $5.6 million in comparison to that of the year 2015 (Begacheese.com.au, 2017). Overview of the environmental and social impact of the organizational operations Sustainability reporting is a report that is prepared and disclosed by the management of the organization presenting the accountability towards the internal as well as external stakeholders. The report considers organizational performance overview along with the reporting on economic, social as well as environmental impact that involves positive and negative factors (Ioannou Serafeim, 2014). Considering the current years sustainability report of Bega Cheese, it has been noted that the organizations total dairy farms consists of more than 400 while 94% of the milk suppliers engaged in the firms sustainability assessment. Further, engagement of direct milk suppliers along with the sustainability and growth consists of around 93%. Environmental factor for the organizational operations reflected reduction of 7% in the intensity of production energy over the period of five years. Similarly, social impact reflected 11% reduction in the Lost Time Injuries number during the financial year 2 015, whereas the company managed to increase the financial support for the local community including benefit fund for the employees (Asx.com.au, 2017). In view of the companys reported sustainability report, the management considered the environmental impact reflecting improvement in the dairying community. The company has been able to influence the aspects related to environment in terms of milk supply base with respect to animal welfare and improvement in the production programs. Positive impact of the environmental issues includes several programs based on the Bega Environmental Management System to provide long- term benefit on production sustainability (Begacheese.com.au, 2017). The program has been considered to incorporate nutrient management, protection and improvement in the farm safety along with the development in professional service. Considering the positive environment impact, the organizational management emphasizes on reducing the greenhouse gas that affects the environmental hygiene. Apart from that, the organization considered protection with respect to animal health, managing and reducing the waste products in far m as well as savings in energy and water supply. Considering the positive social impact of the organization, the company adopted emerging pool for the young leaders in terms of capacity, energy and passion for managing business activities. It has been noted that the organization considers its employees and society as an important required to achieve the business targets and aspirations in future years. Positive impact of the social diversity includes development of business structure, greater accountability and improves the management skill with respect to the improvement in business operations and sustainability (Fernandez-Feijoo, Romero Ruiz, 2014). The organization also considers the regulatory compliance on women employment and management hence, management group of the company involves around 22% women members as per the current report. Social impact of the company involves safe workplace to the employees and workers that adds to the core values of the organizational operations and performance. It has been observed that the or ganization focused to implement the framework on comprehensive as well as safety management that aims to promote the hygiene and safe environment for the employees (Begacheese.com.au, 2017). Other than the positive impacts on environmental and social factors, there are certain negative impacts as well representing several challenges to the business operations of the company. The organization focuses to develop the operational program with respect to prevention of pollution and environmental performance recognizing the sustainability risks for better performance of the business activities. However, the organization experience challenges with respect to the energy and water due to change in climate (Benn, Dunphy Griffiths, 2014). It has been observed that the probable impact of changes in the climate affect the quality of milk product along with the product volume resulting in affecting the farming cost for the organization. Apart from that, challenges with respect to air emissions has been environmental risk for the organization since several sites of the company operates generating harmful steam from the sawdust and other timber mill wastes. Negative social impact on th e organizational operations includes contribution of tax payment, relationship among the organization and its stakeholders along with the human resource management. Moreover, the organization considers certain schemes for the benefit of employees as well for the society, challenges in terms of release of water and solid waste, product storage as well as product transport that affect the environment hygiene (Begacheese.com.au, 2017). Analysis of application of GRI guidelines along with the application of gap analysis Gap analysis is a procedure that the organization considers to determine the steps for comparing the actual performance of the company with that of potential performance. It is conducted by the organization to identify the gap between the allocation of operational resources and its integration in accordance with the present level of allocation (Hahn Khnen, 2013). Further, development of sustainability reporting framework by the Global Reporting Initiative, which is a non- profit organization provided mandatory practice to present sustainability reporting for all the organizations. The primary reason for such initiative was to make the companies of Australia more active and to maintain the sustainable growth parallel to the business activities of international companies. Currently, the annual report of Bega Cheese presents its responsibility of the employers and partners for the business operations while the reporting guidelines by GRI provides presentation of principles for comparab ility, accuracy and balance. Second part of the sustainability reporting guidelines include standard disclosures required to present by the company in the suitability reporting with respect to the strategy and business profile, approach of management and indicators of performance. Considering the current sustainability reporting, annual report and corporate website of Bega Cheese it can be said that the company presented the business operation process, supply chain procedure along with the operational performance covering the financial aspects, environmental aspects and social aspects (Begacheese.com.au, 2017). However, if the proposed sustainability guideline is followed then the company is required to include performance strategy for business operation along with the steps taken by the company to develop the particular business activity (Sacks Pikas, 2013). In terms of economic, environmental or social factors, the organization presented positive impact as well as certain challenges that affects the safety an d hygiene to the workplace and consequently affects the business performance. Application of GRI guidelines for reporting different aspects of business operations would alter the present sources of reporting in terms of inputs of business operations, strategies implemented to develop the business activities and performance and presentation of self-evaluation. Benefit to the potential investors, shareholders and other stakeholders due to compliance of GRI guidelines Global Reporting Initiative provided certain guidelines to present the sustainability reporting for the purpose of stating the business performance in balanced way including positive impacts and negative impacts. It includes the guidelines for the organizations to report the business operation strategy, approach of management and other factors for assessing the performance benchmark for the benefit of stakeholders, shareholders and other potential investors (Globalreporting.org, 2017). The purpose of GRI guidelines include demonstration of organizational operations involved in sustainable development of the company along with the presentation of performance comparability with other organizations of the same industry. Presentation of the information on business performance, strategies along with the comparative details would assist the investors and stakeholders to analyze the companys performance other than the financial information (Ramos et al., 2013). Sustainability reporting is prepared and presented by the organizations to provide the performance information other than the financial activities, which is reported in the financial report during the accounting year. On the contrary, sustainability reporting relates to the performance evaluation with respect to production activities, economic activities, environmental activities and social aspects including human resource management (Bhaduri Selarka, 2016). Therefore, if Bega Cheese follows the guidelines to represent its sustainability reporting, it would benefit the potential investors to analyze the overall performance of the company. In addition, compliance of GRI guidelines requires the company to present sustainability practices by reporting on supply chain analysis, environmental protection along with the presentation of risk management. Accordingly, such information would provide the potential investors, shareholders and other stakeholders. Compliance of sustainability reporting guidelines provided by GRI assists the company, Bega Cheese in building trust with the potential investors and other users of the companys report. Presentation of non- financial factors in a transparent manner assists the company to eliminate the potential risk on business reputation while demonstrating the leadership quality for business accountability (Bellantuono, Pontrandolfo Scozzi, 2016). Compliance of GRI guidelines for presenting sustainability reporting would improve the business systems and internal management processes required for making appropriate business decisions. Bega Cheese would present the comparable reduced cost factors along with the sources of measuring and monitoring the energy consumption issues, use of materials for producing dairy products along with the consideration of waste materials (Begacheese.com.au, 2017). Compliance of GRI guidelines for sustainability reporting by Bega Cheese would provide benefit to the users in terms of business progressing strategy by analyzing the comprehensive information on the companys strength and weakness. Presentation of internal control analysis and organizational visions including the information on protection program for farms and milk suppliers would present detailed information to the potential investors that are essential to evaluate the companys business strategy (Shannon, Chao Ramos, 2015). For providing benefit to the shareholders and other stakeholders, analysis on compliance costs for using the resources to produce dairy products would assist in measuring performance along with the analysis on regulatory requirements. The benefit to the investors would include the analysis on competitive advantage along with the analysis on Bega Cheeses bargaining power for the purpose of providing investment opportunities and other economic benefits (Begacheese .com.au, 2017). Conclusion Financial reporting of the company is important to evaluate the financial performance during the reporting year, which does not provide the overall performance analysis to the shareholders, stakeholders and potential investors. Accordingly, companies prepare and present sustainability reporting to provide evaluation on non- financial factors with respect to the economy, environmental and social factors incorporating positive and negative impacts on the business operations. Therefore, the study demonstrates the essential features of the selected organization Bega Cheese along with the overview on environmental and social impact with respect to sustainable milk supply by the farm services, supply chain and product growth for the business services. It has been observed that the organization provides code of practice for animal welfare and several programs for improvement environment protection and social values. The report also demonstrates the analysis on application of Global Reportin g Initiative guidelines for presenting sustainability reporting that would alter several non- financial information of Bega Cheese in terms of management approach and business strategy. The report presents the difference in standard disclosures for monitoring the internal control and management activities of the organization that provides benefit to the shareholders and other stakeholders. It can be concluded that the compliance of sustainability reporting guidelines as developed by GRI would benefit potential investors, shareholders and other stakeholders. Compliance of sustainability reporting framework would assist Bega Cheese in building trust with the consumers as well as with other stakeholders because of the presentation of non- financial information by maintaining transparency and accountability. Apart from that compliance of GRI guidelines for preparation of sustainability reporting provides benefit with respect to improved business processes and business strategy along with the information on reduction of compliance cost to provide competitive advantage. Reference List: Alonso?Almeida, M., Llach, J., Marimon, F. (2014). A closer look at the Global Reporting Initiativesustainability reporting as a tool to implement environmental and social policies: A worldwide sector analysis.Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management,21(6), 318-335. Amran, A., Lee, S. P., Devi, S. S. (2014). The influence of governance structure and strategic corporate social responsibility toward sustainability reporting quality.Business Strategy and the Environment,23(4), 217-235. Asx.com.au. (2017). Home - Australian Securities Exchange - ASX. Retrieved 5 January 2017, from https://www.asx.com.au/ Begacheese.com.au. (2017). Bega Cheese | Bega. Real Town. Real Cheese. Retrieved 7 January 2017, from https://www.begacheese.com.au/ Bellantuono, N., Pontrandolfo, P., Scozzi, B. (2016). Capturing the Stakeholders View in Sustainability Reporting: A Novel Approach.Sustainability,8(4), 379. Benn, S., Dunphy, D., Griffiths, A. (2014).Organizational change for corporate sustainability. Routledge. Bhaduri, S. N., Selarka, E. (2016). Corporate Social ResponsibilityGuidelines and Best Practices. InCorporate Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility of Indian Companies(pp. 33-42). Springer Singapore. Fernandez-Feijoo, B., Romero, S., Ruiz, S. (2014). Effect of stakeholders pressure on transparency of sustainability reports within the GRI framework.Journal of Business Ethics,122(1), 53-63. Globalreporting.org. (2017). Global Reporting Initiative. Retrieved 4 January 2017, from https://www.globalreporting.org Hahn, R., Khnen, M. (2013). Determinants of sustainability reporting: a review of results, trends, theory, and opportunities in an expanding field of research.Journal of Cleaner Production,59, 5-21. Ioannou, I., Serafeim, G. (2014). The consequences of mandatory corporate sustainability reporting: evidence from four countries.Harvard Business School Research Working Paper, (11-100). Junior, R. M., Best, P. J., Cotter, J. (2014). Sustainability reporting and assurance: a historical analysis on a world-wide phenomenon.Journal of Business Ethics,120(1), 1-11. Maubane, P., Prinsloo, A., Van Rooyen, N. (2014). Sustainability reporting patterns of companies listed on the Johannesburg securities exchange.Public Relations Review,40(2), 153-160. Ramos, T. B., Ceclio, T., Douglas, C. H., Caeiro, S. (2013). Corporate sustainability reporting and the relations with evaluation and management frameworks: the Portuguese case.Journal of Cleaner Production,52, 317-328. Sacks, R., Pikas, E. (2013). Building information modeling education for construction engineering and management. I: Industry requirements, state of the art, and gap analysis.Journal of Construction Engineering and Management,139(11), 04013016. Santini, L., Di Marco, M., Boitani, L., Maiorano, L., Rondinini, C. (2014). Incorporating spatial population structure in gap analysis reveals inequitable assessments of species protection.Diversity and distributions,20(6), 698-707. Shannon, C., Chao, M., Ramos, D. E. (2015). A Gap Analysis of Effective Interventions for Postpartum Weight Loss in Obese New Mothers [163].Obstetrics Gynecology,125, 56S. Toppinen, A., Korhonen?Kurki, K. (2013). Global Reporting Initiative and social impact in managing corporate responsibility: a case study of three multinationals in the forest industry.Business ethics: A European review,22(2), 202-217.

The Conflict In Ideologies Between Capitalism And Communism Essay Example For Students

The Conflict In Ideologies Between Capitalism And Communism Essay resulted in one of the greatest conflicts of the twentieth century. The belief that freedom and democracy would die undercommunist rule caused the United States to start a conflict thatwould last for decades. The decisions made by the United Statesin W.W.II caused tensions to rise between the U. S. and theSoviet Union. Fear of Communism in capitalist nations, causedthe United states government to use propaganda to raise ColdWar anxieties. Furthermore, the American media influenced theattitudes of Americans, making a hatred of communism spreadthough the nation. Thus, the United States caused the conflictknown as the Cold War, through its political policy andpropaganda. We will write a custom essay on The Conflict In Ideologies Between Capitalism And Communism specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The political relations going on in Europe during anddirectly after World War II had an enormous effect on laying thefoundation for the Cold War. War time conferences such as Yaltaand Terhran harshened the relationship between the communistsand the capitalists. At the end of W.W.II American policytowards the Soviets changed drastically. The change in presidentin 1945 caused relations with Russia to worsen. Furthermore,other political contributions to the Cold War entailed the TrumanDoctrine and the Marshall Plan. The division of Europe betweenthe west and east drew physical borders which outlined that thewar of misinformation that had began. Also treaties of the postwar world further separated the two super powers of the worldfor the decades to follow. The waging of hot wars through othercountries also strengthened Cold War hatred.(1)The first of the cold war tensions arose out of W.W.IIconferences between the Soviet Union, America and, GreatBritain. Tehran, the first major conferenc e which lead America tostart the Cold War, included all three of these nations. At thisconference the reshaping of post-war Europe was discussed (2)Later in February of 1945, the big three met again at Yalta. Atthis conference European boundaries, German reparations, andPolish elections were agreed upon.(3) Stalin, the Russian leader,agreed to hold free and fair elections. Later after Roosevelt, whoattended these conferences, died Truman became president. Heaccused the Soviet leader, Stalin, of not holding up to hisagreements at Yalta.(4) Stalin wanted to use Poland as a bufferzone to prevent any future invasions from happening through thisarea. During W.W.II the Soviets had lost 27 million, and Stalinmade it clear that in no way would he allow this to happenagain.(5) Stalin responded to Trumans accusation with thefollowing words, I am ready to fulfill your request and doeverything possible to reach a harmonious solution. But youdemand too much of me. In other words, you demand that Irenounce the interests of security of the Soviet Union, but Icannot turn against my country.(6) On the other hand, AmericanGeneral Lucius Clay, who was stationed in post war Germanycommented we must have the courage to proceed quickly withthe establishment of a government for western Germany42million Germans in the British and American zones representtoday the strongest outpost against Communist penetration thatexists anywhere.(7) At this response Truman changed hisattitude toward the Soviets with the words, there isnt anydifference between the totalitarian Russian government and theHitler government.(8) Furthermore, America decided to keepStalin out of the loop about the Manhattan project, whichfurthered distrust, because Stalin learn about the bomb throughespionage. Trumans change in attitude toward Stalin, from thatof FDRs negotiation with Uncle Joe to one committed tostopping the Soviet cause, led to the creation of a new Americananti-Soviet political policy. The Truman Doctrine, the name given to the policyestablished by Truman, would soon arise in American foreignpolicy. This Truman Doctrine came out of a speech the Trumangave to a joint session of congress. It was the response Trumangave to Britain, which delcared that they no longer could givemilitary and economic aid to Greece.(9) In this speech Trumanfinally gave the Cold War official status, by stating the threatthat the Soviet government had on national security. InTrumans actual words he said, I believe that it must be thepolicy of the United States to support free peoples who areresisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or byoutside pressures.(10) Congress, knowing that Great Britainwould no longer give aid the Turkey and Greece, realized thatthese nations would soon turn to communism. Thus, theydecided to appropriate four hundred million dollars to help in theaid of Turkey and Greece.(11). To support Trumans policySenator Author Vandenburg stated its time to scare th e hell outof the American people with tales of communism on themarch.(12) Thus, America was further contributed to cold warissues by committing to stop the spread of communism in areasof the world very remote from them. .u2f029b88060b4b4289f9eb0fbf2d6a95 , .u2f029b88060b4b4289f9eb0fbf2d6a95 .postImageUrl , .u2f029b88060b4b4289f9eb0fbf2d6a95 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2f029b88060b4b4289f9eb0fbf2d6a95 , .u2f029b88060b4b4289f9eb0fbf2d6a95:hover , .u2f029b88060b4b4289f9eb0fbf2d6a95:visited , .u2f029b88060b4b4289f9eb0fbf2d6a95:active { border:0!important; } .u2f029b88060b4b4289f9eb0fbf2d6a95 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2f029b88060b4b4289f9eb0fbf2d6a95 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2f029b88060b4b4289f9eb0fbf2d6a95:active , .u2f029b88060b4b4289f9eb0fbf2d6a95:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2f029b88060b4b4289f9eb0fbf2d6a95 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2f029b88060b4b4289f9eb0fbf2d6a95 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2f029b88060b4b4289f9eb0fbf2d6a95 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2f029b88060b4b4289f9eb0fbf2d6a95 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2f029b88060b4b4289f9eb0fbf2d6a95:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2f029b88060b4b4289f9eb0fbf2d6a95 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2f029b88060b4b4289f9eb0fbf2d6a95 .u2f029b88060b4b4289f9eb0fbf2d6a95-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2f029b88060b4b4289f9eb0fbf2d6a95:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: AMERICANS GETTING TOUGH EssayAmericas next political actions further caused the ColdWar to escalate. In 1947, George C. Marshall the Secretary ofthe state at the time gave a speech at Harvard university whichreveled his plans for the an after war economy. Marshall askedthat all of the countries of Europe communists and capitalistsalike to draw up a plan for economic recovery from the war.(13)The Soviets refused to participate, because they saw it asAmerica using money to buy its way into good terms with Europe. In the words of the Soviet foreign minister Molotov, the Marshallplan was nothing but a vicious American scheme for usingdollars to buy its way.(14) In the end, the United States sent 13billion over to Western Europe to support economic recovery.(15)The Soviet Union saw this as an American attempt to keep any ofthese countries from turning to communism, which would closethem off as US markets. Thus, the Marshall plan furthercontributed to a Soviet cause to continue waging a Cold War. In1949 America helped to organize a treaty against communism. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization or NATO included thefollowing nations : Belgium, Britain, Denmark, France, Iceland,Italy, the Netherlands, Luxemberg, Norway, Portugal , the UnitedStates. This treaty showed a clear division of Communismverses Capitalism, and it declared that an attack against one ofthese nations would be an attack on all of them.(16) Thus, theUnited States used this treaty to escalate the cold War byshowing the Soviet Union that all of the NATO countries sidedwith the US in the Cold War. Finally, the United states wagedhot wars through other nations; instead in actually declaring waragainst the Soviet Union. These hot wars in Korea and again inVietnam. Both of these wars resulted from the United Statestrying to contain Communism from spreading throughout theworld. (17) Thus, all of the United States political actions furthercontributed to the Cold War cause. The political actions Of the United States from the time ofW.W.II onward caused the Cold War conflict. The conferences ofW.W.II set the tone for a time period of distrust between theSoviet union and the United States. With a new president inoffice Cold War policy was officialy began. Furthermore, fromthat point on the policy of the United States delcared itself asanti-Communist from that point on. Thus, to get the Americanpublic to side with the government on the issue of communism,America turned to the use of propaganda. The United States used propaganda and other influences toget the American public scared of communism and in support ofthe cold war. First congress began to use HUAC to stop filmsfrom having to much of a communist appeal to them(18)Furthermore, HUAC investigated people for being communistspies. Both Julius and Ethel Rosenburg and Alger Hiss, peopleaccused of being communist spies suffered conviction. Thiscaused the anti-Communist attitude in the United States to growtremendously. Thus, the American government used a federalorganization to further the publics hatred of communism. Nextan American Senator named Joseph R. McCarthy would lead aseries of trials against communists in the United States.(19)Most of the people that Macarthy accused of being communistreached conviction. This happened despite the fact that many ofthe accused were not in fact communists.(20) This situation hascompares to the Salem Witch trials; notably like the witch trialthe main outcome of the Macarthy trial srt uck fear into Americanpublic. Thus, the McCarthy trial increased anti-Communisthatred in the US and scared anyone out of committing tocommunist party for fear of their life. Therefore, the McCarthytrials acted as form of US propaganda, which gathered Americansupport for the Cold War against the Soviets. Moreover, withthe publication of George Orwells book 1984, anti-communistpropaganda increased. This book showed the United Statesunder a communist dictatorship. Thus, as propaganda this bookincreased the general anticommunist attitude of the Americanpublic.(20) Moreover, Hollywood began to produceanti-Communist films such as The Red Menace, which increaseda fear of communism in the United States.(21) Thus, the actionsof the American government, journalist, and media increased thegeneral anti-Communist support for the Cold War. .ub96cd7ccdd31e2145ebef2d2a3d86722 , .ub96cd7ccdd31e2145ebef2d2a3d86722 .postImageUrl , .ub96cd7ccdd31e2145ebef2d2a3d86722 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub96cd7ccdd31e2145ebef2d2a3d86722 , .ub96cd7ccdd31e2145ebef2d2a3d86722:hover , .ub96cd7ccdd31e2145ebef2d2a3d86722:visited , .ub96cd7ccdd31e2145ebef2d2a3d86722:active { border:0!important; } .ub96cd7ccdd31e2145ebef2d2a3d86722 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub96cd7ccdd31e2145ebef2d2a3d86722 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub96cd7ccdd31e2145ebef2d2a3d86722:active , .ub96cd7ccdd31e2145ebef2d2a3d86722:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub96cd7ccdd31e2145ebef2d2a3d86722 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub96cd7ccdd31e2145ebef2d2a3d86722 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub96cd7ccdd31e2145ebef2d2a3d86722 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub96cd7ccdd31e2145ebef2d2a3d86722 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub96cd7ccdd31e2145ebef2d2a3d86722:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub96cd7ccdd31e2145ebef2d2a3d86722 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub96cd7ccdd31e2145ebef2d2a3d86722 .ub96cd7ccdd31e2145ebef2d2a3d86722-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub96cd7ccdd31e2145ebef2d2a3d86722:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How To Make Money Selling Item EssayThe American media also contributed to the Cold Warpropaganda in and out of the United States. American journalistswould commonly make up stories of communism in the UnitedStates in an effort to sell papers and to continue feelings ofanti-communism.(22) Also a radio station called Radio Onebegan to broadcast an anti communist message in Europe.(23)These radio broadcasts defamed the Soviet Union andcommunism and supported democracy and the United States. These broadcasts blatantly attempted to degrade communism,that they were never allowed to be transmitted in America.(24)Therefore, the overall actions of the United States clearly reportspropaganda to increase support for the Cold War, whichdominated American foreign policy for decades. The United States caused the Cold War by the politicaldecisions that in made and through its use of propaganda. Thepolitical decisions made by the United States from W.W.II onwardcaused the Cold War to start and to continue for decades. Moreover, the governments use of propaganda at home ralliedthe American public in an anticommunist attitude, whichsupported the countries political decisions. Thus, the UnitedStates caused the conflict between Democracy and Communism. BibliographyBIBLIOGRAPHYCayton, Andrew, and Elizabeth Israels Perry, and Allan M. Winkler. America Pathways to thePresent . Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall,1995. Dudley, William. ed. The Cold War Opposing View Points. San Diego: Greenburg Press Inc.,1992. Gaddis, John Lewis. We Now Know Rethinking the Cold War. Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1997. Glynn, Patricia. Closing Pandoras Box.. New York : Harper Collins, 1992. Snyder, Alvin A. Warriors of Disinformation . New York: Arcade Publishing, 1995. Yoder, Edwin M., Jr. Joe Alsops Cold War . Chapel Hill : The University of North Carolina Press,1995. Endnotes1 Andrew Cayton and Elizabeth Israels Perry, and Allan M. Winkler, America Pathways tothe Present , (Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall,1995.) p.7172 William Dudley, ed. The Cold War Opposing View Points, (San Diego: GreenburgPress Inc., 1992.) p143 Dudley 144 Dudley 1255 Dudley 1256 Cayton 7207 John Lewis Gaddis, We Now Know: REthinking the Cold War,(Oxford : Clarendon Press,1997.) p.1198 Cayton 7219 Dudley 1710 Cayton 72411 Cayton 72412 Dudley 1813 Cayton 72414 Cayton 72415 Cayton 72516 Cayton 72517 Patricia Glynn, Closing Pandoras Box., (New York : Harper Collins, 1992.) p.13518 Gaddis 2319 Edwin M. Yoder Jr., Joe Alsops Cold War, (Chapel Hill : The University of NorthCarolina Press, 1995.) p.2320 Glynn 13521 Cayton 73322 Yoder 2223 Alvin A. Snyder, Warriors of Disinformation , (New York: Arcade Publishing, 1995.)p.22124 Snyder 224

Year 2000 problems essays

Year 2000 problems essays Evaluation of the Governments Actions to fix the Year 2000 Bug Summary: It was astonishing to find how unprepared the government is for this potentially devastating problem facing the American people. The government has had nearly three years of knowledge about this problem but hasnt even been able to get up to the government standards that they set back in 1996. The government is really lagging behind and could essentially destroy the American economy if they keep up the performance they are currently demonstrating. The government appears to have let the American people down. The government is now starting to realize what a dramatic effect this could have on the entire world including the US. The most powerful country may be brought to its knees because of some little flaw in writing codes for computers in the last fifty years. This microscopic line of code could inevitably destroy the entire worlds economy and also possibly cause a malfunction of the worlds nuclear arsenal. This could cause them to fire at will or even just detonate i n their silos. Furthermore it is very critical to observe the governments efforts in trying to bring this enormous problem to be fixed by falsifying Y2K compliance on many of its computers. Included are two graphs and a chart. The chart is the schedule the government was intending to stick to. It is called an immovable deadline and fixed schedule. One of the graphs demonstrates the proposed cost of fixing the Year 2000 bug. It is broken down into estimates of the total cost per year. The final graph is the grades the 24 major agencies received on their preparation for becoming Y2K compliant. With all of this information one can really understand how greatly the government underestimated the entire problem. They underestimated costs, and time it would take to upgrade and implement the programs. This truly demonstrates how poorly the government is being run and w...

Assessing If Animal Experimentation Should Continue Sociology Essay

Assessing If Animal Experimentation Should Continue Sociology Essay Pet experimentations have already been thoroughly utilized in items and medical studies screening because the 1980s. Nevertheless, the usage of creatures for items screening and medical studies has just worried about individual advantages. What about your pet rights? Does advantages that are individual usually allow it to be authorized for all of US to intervene your pet rights? The problem whether it's essential and moral to utilize creatures for items screening and sciences continues to be intensely discussed to get a time period. Although Pet Rights Activist recognized animal-rights have been morally intruded by vivisections, Laboratory Animal Study of America National Academy thought pet studies is important in several places. Europeans for Medical Improvement which also other this problem shows dog experimentations unreliable and as ineffective. This composition analyze and may define their sights to be able to develop the author's own stand-over issue of animal experimentations . Laboratory Animal Study of Sciences' U.S. National Academy proposes there are requirements for pet studies to become extended to safeguard people from harmful items and illnesses. These said that contemporary systems for example advanced computers continue to be rare to represent the relationships between microorganisms, cells, areas, areas and substances like vivisection does. Scientists stated the experimentations were completed centered on moral methods defined legally and therefore refuse the problem of cruelty and creatures' misuse included throughout the studies. Additionally they state that many study doesn't include discomfort of course if therefore, the discomfort is relieved with anesthetic or medication medications. Researchers also claim concerning the parallels of people biology and creatures that has permitted them to build up vaccines, new medicines and assist them for more information about our anatomies and just how its purpose. Based on National Association for Labo ratory Animal Science, the information collected are just useless in comprehension people, its does additionally useful in knowing our other along with animals, wildlife creatures also (Utilization Of Creatures in Biomedical Research. n.d. p1). Despite the fact that this problem continues to be intensely discussed to get a very long time, the clear answer to prevent it appears complicated and nevertheless too much. Whilst the notion on animal-rights, integrity, and creatures' survival grows through the years, animals proceeds possibly performed within medical, humanely correct, and moral concepts although getting used in study. This enhancement was developed consequently in the introductions of Manual for that Treatment and Utilization Of Laboratory Animals from the National Research Council (NRC) of America. This manual that worried about animal-rights offers the establishments with short traces to handle the study within moral, gentle, and medical concepts. For example, the launch of three Rs technique - alternative, accomplishment, and decrease - were created whilst the primary principle towards humanely pet scientific tests (National Research Council, 2010). Within the 1950s, researches which concerned separating baby monkeys at-birth from their moms hasbeen completed as a way to look at on maternal starvation. Nevertheless, many researchers have firmly criticized this course of action since it is morally incorrect to test individual mental issues that problem interpersonal, genetic and social factors. Mental dog tests that trigger to animals can be viewed as as inhumane as you will find facts that demonstrated creatures likewise experienced exactly the same selection of feelings as people. Animal Rights Activists thought their to be handled as people is deserved by creatures. Including the best to become guarded from any type of tenderness. As people, creatures ought to be regarded quite simply being in the place of home. German and Europe has had some actions in match this problem. In 1992, Europe has recognized animals to be in the place of issues or home (Kayasse, ELIZABETH, S, n.d), while German additional creatures' safety undernea th the structure in 2002. Europeans for Medical Improvement has its stay to disapprove the usage of creatures in medical studies although Pet Rights Activists compared animal experimentations about animal-rights. Whilst the systems create, you will find more and more physicians and researchers began to claim about the stability of utilizing creatures in medical studies and medicals. The study performed on 2004 has shown the facts that vivisection is unreliable and ineffective. For study can be viewed as as improper anymore development in systems today has created addiction on creatures. Furthermore, newly-developed methods that's affordable has offers persuasive outcomes when compared with animal studies. Rats have already been utilized significantly whilst the most dependable animals within the lab to complete on the study. Nevertheless, it had been documented within the Laboratory Pet journal that rats is really a bad versions in knowledge a way of remedies for common cancers along with the system of disease. It had been confirmed the variations between people along with other creatures in mobile and essential innate, molecular has improbable supply efficient lead to looking for the cancer therapies. Furthermore, the efficient therapy examined on creatures has reflected extreme unwanted effects and bad effectiveness when it's put on people. Since 1987, over 100 HIV vaccine studies have been financed by U.S. National Institute of Sensitivity and Infectious Illnesses in people. Despite the fact that 30 vaccines and over 50 vaccines have shown excellent results against HIV/helps with creatures, the tests has didn't respond in people. The parallels between creatures biology and people has allow the researchers make therapy for individual desires and to discover about illnesses. Nevertheless, this declaration isn't relevant anymore while there is growing study results-which exhibited in looking for the remedy animal experimentations didn't show its stability. This process of study preserve proceeds despite the fact that the restriction of vivisection was confirmed, for many factors. Why animal experimentations continue so far among the most dependable businesses within the area has exposed the reasons. Based on the Medical Research Modernization Board, dog testing is essential particularly in chemical sectors due to their own advantages (Anderegg, D. et al. 2006, p19). It features as authorized refuge for that businesses in instances of clients' reduction and impairment due to substance utilized in these products. The patients don't have any to prosecute from the organization whilst the items were officially recomm ended examined on creatures. Furthermore, dog testing is keeping until nowadays for many reasons that function the scientists' governmental, skilled and financial requirements. Medical study that associated with people often include plenty of time-consuming and costs, normally vivisections can very quickly get submit within short-period of time. Medical contemporary development right now and huge improvement in engineering has allowed the development of options which in a position to exchange animals' usage in medical study. Epidemiological may be the efficient and most dependable reports in determining the fundamental reasons for individual illnesses centered on population documents (Anderegg, D. et al. 2006, p15). The easiest way to review individual illnesses is none but to carefully tracking individuals that are individual. Humane Society of America shows that each year significantly more than twenty five thousand creatures hasbeen employed for training functions, and study, screening. Aside from preserving a large number of creatures' existence, epidemiological reports are far less inconsistent to explain therapy methods, efficient reduction and the systems. It's unnecessary to analyze creatures to find what causes some illnesses out. As options, the development of contemporary noninvasive imaging products for example DOG, MRI, KITTEN and SPECT tests therefore and have changed medical analysis decrease the addiction on creatures for medical study (Anderegg, D. et al. 2006, p16). Additionally, advanced computer-modeling has additionally changed animal tests which usually take decades or weeks for that outcomes which were simply within minutes today. Plus or "Episkin" created by L'Oreal study group possibly may provides some expectations from endure lab tests (Episkin to a large number of numerous creatures: Developing Skin within the Laboratory. 2007). Animal experimentations shouldn't be stored continuing in conclusion, although Laboratory Animal Study of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences proceeds to test on creatures within moral methods for that benefit to find therapy and protect people from dangerous item. Both reasons for Medical Improvement from Animal Rights Activist are tangible and undeniable to rebut the U.S. National Academy of Sciences claims' Laboratory Animal Study. Powerful helps from Medical Research Modernization Board, plus have offers plain details regarding vivisections the truth is. With no doubt, the author thought that pet studies ought to be finished since recently create systems may overcome the restriction of animal experimentations that has today clearly not regarded as reasonable anymore.

Ethical Climate Survey Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Ethical Climate Survey - Assignment Example Specifically, the issue facing the organization was related to how it paid teenage employees and serving dangerously unhealthy fast foods to people. It is clear that these actions were unethical because the organization was exploiting the ablest employees who are the teenagers and at the same time, serving products that would potentially harm the customer’s health by becoming obese, which can cause heart disease and ultimately death. Some steps were taken by the admin to eliminate the same and currently, the organization wants to have the employees’ views on the progress so that they can possibly come up with additional strategies based on the outcomes. The establishment of a corporate culture is crucial to the success of the overall organization and requires certain steps to accomplish and realize the anticipated results. The culture defines the behaviors exhibited by the employees in the subject organization. The first step incorporates understanding what is important to the employees so as to incorporate that in the culture to be established. Specifically, the leader should take responsibility in determining what motivates the employees and this step relies heavily on communication where the employees hold a conversation with the leader. Here, the two parties outline what is expected of each other. While the leader communicates the goals, the employees communicate how they would like to benefit from the business and with the business. The second step involves taking action while taking the interests of the employees into consideration. After developing the culture, it is then defined to the involved parties who are then involved in the third step of contributing and providing ideas. This should be considered so as to make them feel responsible for its creation.  

Effect of Cosmetic Marketing on Consumers individual self image Dissertation

Effect of Cosmetic Marketing on Consumers individual self image - Dissertation Example A review of the recent literature shows that the cosmetics industry is at the forefront of marketing innovations and this study explores exactly what effects this marketing activity is having on the self-image of consumers. 1.2 Body, Self and Image. It has long been recognised that the way people use certain products helps them to build a concept of self (Grubb, 1967; Sirgy, 1982; Malhotra, 2002). Psychologists have noted that people seek to maintain more than one version themselves. (Adler, 1930) This is very evident in choice of clothing, for example, which people use to align themselves to peer groups, work contexts and so on, and when they adapt to different situations. There are also many products which people use in private and no one else knows that this product is being used. These two situations may connect with what psychologists call â€Å"ideal self† and â€Å"real self† (Dolich, 1969 ) or â€Å"public self† and â€Å"private self.† (Baumeister , 1986) Studies show that what people buy has symbolic as well as literal meanings for them, and by choosing some products over others, consumers are choosing to bolster one or other aspect of their own personality. (Dittmar, 1992) For women especially there are extra pressures to maintain a positive body image because the patriarchal culture that still exists in Western societies values youthful and healthy appearance in women much more than in men. (Woolf, 1991; Gimlin, 2002) As women at the start of the twentieth century increasingly took part in the public world of work, the cosmetic industry played its part in building expectations of increasing artifice in the construction of a public image for women. (Peiss, 1990) Now, at the start of the twenty first century, in a less overtly sexist society, the process appears to be extending still further into the domain of masculinity, and the marketing of cosmetics for men is growing exponentially. (Mintel, 2008) 1.3 The Cosmetics Indus try and Self Image. The cosmetics industry is intimately connected with consumers’ idea of self. to modern approaches like â€Å"Guerrilla Marketing† (Levinson, 2007) which advocates low budget persistence before, during and after a sale. â€Å"Digital Marketing† or â€Å"emarketing† (Parkin, 2009) extols the advantages of new technologies. The concept of â€Å"sticky marketing† rejects old adages like the unique selling proposition or USP because of the proliferation of almost identical products in modern society, and requires instead that â€Å"the focus move from transactions to customer engagement.† (Leboff: . p. 92) All of these have relevance in the fashion-conscious area of cosmetics marketing. It is no coincidence that some of the most psychologically sophisticated campaigns in the history of marketing come from this branch. L’Oreal Group’s long running series of haircare advertisements, for example, which ran the sloga n â€Å"Because you’re worth it† successfully bound their product to the consumer’s feeling of self-worth, creating a memorable message that has become part of the English language. The focus in these advertisements is on the effect which the product has on the consumer’s mind, more than the body, and this is a clever twist that flatters the consumer and seems to sell the product incidentally. This campaign which ran at the start of

Two Kinds by Amy Tan Essay -- Two Kinds, Amy Tan

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the story 'Two Kinds'; by Amy Tan, we are shown the struggles of a young girl Jing-Mei. Her struggle is that of a young girl growing up and trying to find her own sense of identity. Her troubles are compounded by her mother, who convinces her that she can become someone important. Because of her mother's constant overbearing behavior, Jing-Mei does everything she can to annoy and displease her mother even to the point of being a failure. This fight to find her own identity against her mother's wishes shows how parents cannot control their child's life; they can only point them in the right direction and let them make their own choices.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the onset of the story we find Jing-Mei's mother convincing her that she 'can be prodigy…'; (491) and that she 'can be best anything.'; (491) Deciding that Jing-Mei's destiny is to become a prodigy, her mother takes control and begins to push Jing-Mei towards this goal. At first Jing-Mei is, 'just as excited as my mother, maybe even more so.'; (491) By saying these things, Jing-Mei's mother tries to create an ideal identity for her. Jing-Mei's mother begins to test her with questions and she cooperates. But as time goes on and the tests her mother gives her gets harder, Jing-Mei begins to be resentful and unwilling to cooperate. She thinks to herself, 'I won't be what I'm not.'; (492) This shows a child resisting it's parents control.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ...